Chemical Earthing electrodes are
Earthing electrodes which are used for Earthing applications in electrical
system for Discharge of electrical current to the ground in case of insulation
failure of equipment or fault current in the electrical system.
This Earthing
electrode is used along with the mixture of Bentonite powder graphite and
Carbon which is called chemical earthing or ground enhancement compound.
The Fault current which arises in the
electrical system should be immediately discharged to the ground safely to
avoid any injury or fatal.
Chemical Earthing electrodes are earthing
electrodes Manufactured with superior quality of Mild Steel material which is
further coated with zinc coating or copper bonding.
Chemical
Earthing are further classified as Pipe Earthing and solid Earthing electrode.
Chemical
Pipe earthing electrode is filled with backfill compound inside the pipe for
reducing the resistivity of electrode as in conventional earthing we are using
charcoal and salt for reducing the ground resistivity instead of this Ground
enhancement compound is used in powder form this is a mixture of bentonite
graphite and Carbon compounds also called chemical earthing compound or
backfill compound (BFC) this are mixed with water forming a paste which is poured
in the earth pits.
This
compound are highly conductive which reduces the resistivity of ground which
helps in quick discharge of fault current
Chemical
earthing electrodes are maintenance free which does not required any watering
this earthing has long life as compare to conventional earthing and very easy
to install.
What are the three types of earthing
Pipe earthing
Plate earthing
Solid Rod earthing
Chemical used in earthing
There are numerous available mixture used in chemical earthing this are carbon based or bentonite based with a mixture of graphite and other compounds.
Conductive cement is also present in some compounds. After installation, it hardens into a concrete that does not mix with the ground and is not washed away by water..
Which Material is best for earthing
Copper is the material of choice for grounding, but is not often used due to its high cost.
Stainless steel rods are also used for earthing purpose
Mild steel which is galvanized and most cost effective used in earthing systems.
Copper bonded earthings are most commonly used and are a good replacement of pure copper earthing electrodes. They are most commonly used in replacement of pure copper.
Which Type of earthing is more efficient
Copper bonded strip in pipe earthing rod Commonly used in buildings, factories, CNC and printing machines,
a copper bonded strip in the pipe of larger-diameter and pipe 3m long ought to have a voltage between neutral and ground less than 3V for optimal performance, due to their low resistance.
Method to reduce electrode resistance.
Increasing the surface area of the rod by length and diameter
To be Deeply driven inside the ground up to 3 meters or above have a great impact in reducing the resistivity of ground for better result.
interconnection between 2 or more rods gives lower resistance.
Soil treatment to be done by using high Quality backfill compound.
Resistance is normally determined by soil conditions, which must be improved through proper design.
CPRI tested Safeone earthing rods up to 35KA.
GI strip in pipe earthing rod with a diameter of 76mm was tested for 35KA RMS 1 second and 70KA Peak.
GI strip in pipe earthing rod with a diameter of 48mm tested for 20KA RMS 1 second and 44KA Peak.
Copper bonded strip in pipe rod with a diameter of 48mm tested for 25KA RMS 1 second and 50KA Peak.
Types of chemical earthing
GI earthing rod
Strip in pipe earthing rod
Pipe in Pipe earthing rod
Pure copper earthing rod
Copper bonded Solid earthing rod
Copper bonded earthing rod
Galvanized iron earthing rods (GI) are zinc coated that helps to prevent corrosion.GI earthing rods are most economical and widely used.
Strip in pipe earthing rods are electrodes having pipe and strip GI strip inserted inside the pipe at the top of the strip terminal are welded to which earthing strip is connected.
Pipe in pipe earthing rods have an inner pipe surrounded by an external pipe.
These rods are very robust in construction Dual pipe increases the surface area of the rod capable of withstanding heavy short circuit current.
The inner pipe is covered by the outer pipe and is not exposed to the outside soil or in direct contact, so it will not rust.
Filled with conductive compound between pipes to withstand heavy short circuit current.
Can be customized as per requirement..
Sizes available 50mm and 80mm length 1/2/3 mtr
Pure copper earthing rod.
Pure copper earthing rods are available in solid electrode or plate type.
They are much more costly then GI or copper bonded rods mostly used in high corrosive environments.
These rods are lifetime once installed properly.
Solid Earthing rod
Solid earthing rod is light in weight and easy to install V clamp or T clamp welded on top for earthing strip connections.
The V clamp has 4 holes and the T clamp has 2 holes on both sides of the clamp for strip connections.
Copper coated on MS material up to 100 to 250 microns
Solid earthing rods can be driven deeply by using a coupler up to 3-6-9 mtr or deeper using a coupler on both ends of the rod.
This earthing can be customized as per the requirement
Sizes available 14.2/17.2/25/32mm length 1/2/3 mtr.
Copper bonded earthing rods are coated with a copper layer. that increases the conductivity and the life of earthing, it also increases the current carrying capacity of fault current.
Sizes available 50 mm and 80 mm length 1/2/3 mtr
Copper plating with thickness of 100 to 250 microns.
Price of chemical earthing
Minimum price of GI earthing electrode for Diameter 50 mm length 2 mtr electrode will be around 1000 to 1200/-Rs copper bonded same size 1200-1400/-Rs.
Prices also depend on minimum order quantity to maximum order quantity.
Country of origin.
Advantages of chemical earthing as compared to conventional earthing.
Easy to install.
More safety
Maintenance free.
No water required
Good conductivity,
Required less space.
Low resistance.
Long life
Withstand heavy fault current.
Application
Panel room,meter room.
CNC machine
Transformers.
Electrical equipment.
Residential buildings.
Commercial buildings.
Lightning Arrester.
Factories.
Warehouses.
Electric Power Distribution System.
Over head lines
Substation.
DG SET
Telephone Tower.
Railways
Power lines
IT server.
Rooftop Solar.
Data center
How to install chemical earthing rods.
A boring machine is used to install chemical earthing, and a tripod is used for drilling.
A hole of diameter 100-125mm is to be done by the machine, length of bore below the ground should be done according to the rod length After the drilling has been done earthing rod is inserted inside the bore.
After the earthing rod is installed, it is backfilled with earth enhancement compound along with water forming a paste and poured into the bore hole.
This mixture is poured into the bore until the space between the rod and bore area is filled with compound.
Manual installation can be done if the length of rod is 2mtr or less.
Testing of Earthing.
Testing for earthing rod is done using earth resistance tester. 3 point testing method are most commonly used
Rod P1,E2,P2 has to be driven inside the ground with the same distance between them along with the installed or existing rod to be tested.
Reading is measured in ohms which is displayed directly on the screen.
Good Earthing has a good path for flow of heavy current to the ground in case of fault current Which protects the system from breakdown.